otic
curve. The secondary outcome measures included
other sagittal balance parameters, disability,
and back pain. For measuring lumbar lordotic curve
and other sagittal balance parameters, a 36-in lateral
X-ray film including the entire spine were obtained before
treatment, 10 weeks afterwards and at 6 months
of follow-up. All X-ray films were obtained with the
patient standing with arms crossed and knees fully
extended to minimize any compensatory mechanisms
may affect the whole sagittal balance. The following
items were measured: lumbar curve (L1–L5) (using the
Cobb method), thoracic curve (T5–T12), sacral slope,
and the C-7 plumb line. The extent of lumbar lordosis
was measured from the superior endplate of L-1 to the
inferior endplate of L-5. The thoracic curvature was
measured from the superior endplate of T-5 to the inferior
endplate of T-12. Sacral slope defined as the angle
between the horizontal and the sacral plate (Fig. 3).
As computer and manual measurements of spinopelvic
parameters have been shown to have high intra- and interobserver
reliability [16], allmeasurements were performed
digitally using surgimap software